Takeaway: Between USD $272 – $545 million in Bitcoin is likely to be lost in 2022
In March 2022, Netflix released a documentary about Gerry Cotton, founder of Canadian Crypto exchange QuadrigaCX. Cotton died while on honeymoon in India, and he died holding the private keys for Quadiga’s Bitcoin wallets. Cotton’s death, and the disappearance of the exchange’s Bitcoin triggered a host of theories and crowd-sourced research, eventually leading to the conclusion that Cotton had been stealing funds for years.
While Cotton’s story is extraordinary, most stories of lost crypto aren’t. In this article we explore how much Bitcoin is lost day to day, and provide an estimate of the amount of Bitcoin likely to be lost in 2022.
How Does Bitcoin Get Lost?
Analysts have estimated that at least 20% of all Bitcoin is lost (see sources here and here), and that the majority of those funds are irretrievably lost. (However, see also our story suggesting that about 2.5% of those funds can still be recovered).
Crypto gets lost for a host of reasons:
- People forgot the passwords to their wallets
- People make a mistake in recording their seed phrases
- People die without giving adequate instructions for how to access their funds
- People unintentionally (or occasionally intentionally) send crypto to a burn address, or to an address on a different network.
We work with these people every day to try to regain control of their funds.
However, this does not include Bitcoin lost to scams or theft. While such funds are lost to the original wallet holder, they are not lost to the total money supply of Bitcoin. Those funds will likely continue to circulate. As such, they are excluded from this research note.
How Much New Bitcoin is Issued Each Year?
A new Bitcoin block reward is issued every 10 minutes, and in 2022, the block reward is 6.25 Bitcoin. (The block reward will halve again in 2024, to 3.125 BTC / block reward).
Since there are 525,600 minutes in a year, and a block reward is issued every 10 minutes, 52,560 block rewards or 328,500 BTC will be issued in 2022.
How Much Bitcoin Is Lost Every Year?
The simple answer is that no one knows for sure. It’s clear that the vast majority of the approximately 3.8 million lost Bitcoin were lost early in the blockchain’s history, before it had any economic value.
During our busiest times, more than 1,000 people a week contact CryptoAssetRecovery.com looking for help recovering funds.
Chainalysis, whose 2017 estimate that 20% of Bitcoin is the most widely quoted, estimates that 2% of Bitcoin transacted in a given year is lost. They write that the 2% estimate “is based on scraping the Internet for reports of lost coins… [and that the estimate] is not based on statistical extrapolation”
The other occasionally cited estimate comes from a 2020 Cane Island Digital research note, which estimates that “about 4% of the Available Supply of bitcoin has been lost each year.”
Neither study provides a methodology for reproducing this estimate, so we will simply provide a range of estimates.
Given the between 2% – 4% of the 328,500 BTC mined in 2022 is likely to get lost, somewhere between 6,570 – 13,140 Bitcoin are likely to get lost. As of Apr 20, 2022, when Bitcoin’s price is approximately USD $41,500, this means that between USD $272 million and $545 million in Bitcoin alone is likely to be removed from the Bitcoin money supply in 2022.
Uma Rajagopal has been managing the posting of content for multiple platforms since 2021, including Global Banking & Finance Review, Asset Digest, Biz Dispatch, Blockchain Tribune, Business Express, Brands Journal, Companies Digest, Economy Standard, Entrepreneur Tribune, Finance Digest, Fintech Herald, Global Islamic Finance Magazine, International Releases, Online World News, Luxury Adviser, Palmbay Herald, Startup Observer, Technology Dispatch, Trading Herald, and Wealth Tribune. Her role ensures that content is published accurately and efficiently across these diverse publications.